Earth and planetary sciences. Study of the earth and other planets as comprehensive physical systems incorporating solids, liquids, and gases, as well as exhibiting interactions with other systems. Includes instruction in planetary evolution, gravitational physics, volcanism and

crustal movement, orbital mechanics, and radiation physics.

East and Southeast Asian languages. Study of languages other than Chinese or Japanese, such as Korean, Tibetan, Mongolian, Tagalog, Thai, Laotian, Vietnamese, Cambodian, Indonesian/Malay, and Burmese.

East Asian studies. The history, society, politics, culture, and economics of East Asia, including China, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, and Eastern Central Asia, Taiwan, and Tibet.

East European languages. Study of Eastern European language other than Russian or Slavic languages, such as Finnish, Hungarian, Estonian, Latvian, and Lithuanian.

Eastern European studies. The history, society, politics, culture, and economics of Eastern Europe, including the Balkans, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, the European portions of the USSR and its constituent republics, and the former East Germany.

Ecology. The study of ecological systems and the physical interactions among system components. Includes instruction in population biology, large and small ecosystems, environmental factors affecting organisms, evolution and extinction, and symbiotic relationships.

Economics. The study of the production, conservation, and allocation of resources in conditions of scarcity, together with the organizational frameworks related to these processes. Includes instruction in economic theory, micro- and macroeconomics, comparative economic systems, money and banking systems, and quantitative analytical methods.

Education administration and supervision. The study of the principles and techniques of administering a wide variety of schools and other education organizations and facilities and supervising education personnel.

Education, general. Includes instruction in the theory and practice of learning and teaching, the basic principles of educational psychology, the planning and administration of educational activities, and the social foundations of education.

Education/instructional media design. The principles and techniques used in developing instructional materials and related educational resources in such media as film, video, text, art, and software. Includes instruction in the techniques specific to various media; the behavioral principles applicable to using various media; the design, testing and production of instructional materials; and the management of media facilities and programs.

Education of the autistic. The design and provision of educational services for children or adults that are autistic. Includes instruction in identifying students with autism, developing education plans, teaching and supervising, counseling, and applicable laws and policies.

Education of the blind and visually handicapped. The design and provision of educational services for children or adults with visual disabilities that adversely affect their educational performance. Includes instruction in identifying visually handicapped students, developing education plans, counseling, and applicable laws and regulations.

Education of the deaf and hearing impaired. The design and provision of educational services for children or adults with hearing impairments that adversely affect their educational performance. Includes instruction in identifying hearing impaired students, developing individual education plans, counseling, and applicable laws and regulations.

Education of the emotionally handicapped. The design and provision of educational services for children or adults with mental disabilities that adversely affect their educational performance. Includes instruction in identifying mentally handicapped students, developing individual education plans, teaching and supervising, counseling, and applicable laws and policies.

Education of the gifted and talented. The design and provision of educational services for children or adults exhibiting exceptional intellectual, psychomotor or artistic talent or potential, or who exhibit exceptional maturity or social leadership. Includes instruction in identifying gifted and talented students, developing individual education plans, teaching and supervising, counseling, and applicable laws and policies.

Education of the mentally handicapped. The design and provision of educational services for children or adults with mental disabilities that adversely affect their performance. Includes instruction in identifying mentally handicapped students, developing education plans, counseling, and applicable laws and regulations.

Education of the multiple handicapped. The design and provision of educational services for children or adults with multiple disabilities that adversely affect their educational performance. Includes instruction in identifying multiple handicapped students, developing education plans, counseling, and applicable laws and regulations.

Education of the physically handicapped. The design and provision of educational services for children or adults with physical disabilities that adversely affect their educational performance. Includes instruction in identifying physically disabled students, developing education plans, counseling, and applicable laws and regulations.

Education of the specific learning disabled. The design and provision of educational services for children or adults with specific learning disabilities that adversely affect their educational performance. Includes instruction in identifying specific learning disabled students, developing education plans, counseling, and applicable laws and regulations.

Education of the speech impaired. The design and provision of educational services for children or adults with speech impairments that adversely affect their educational performance. Includes instruction in identifying speech-impaired students, developing education plans, counseling, and applicable laws and regulations.

Educational assessment, testing, and measurement. The principles and procedures used in designing, implementing, and evaluating tests and other mechanisms that evaluate student progress and assess the performance of specific teaching tools, strategies, and curricula. Includes instruction in psychometric measurement, instrument design, and data analysis and interpretation.

Educational evaluation and research. The principles and procedures used in gathering information about educational programs, personnel, and methods, and the analysis of such information for planning purposes. Includes instruction in evaluation theory, research design and planning, data analysis and interpretation, and related economic and policy issues.

Educational psychology. The application of psychology to the study of teachers and learners, the nature and effects of various learning environments, and the psychological effects of various methods, resources, organization and non-school experience on the educational process. Includes instruction in learning theory, human growth and development, research methods, and psychological evaluation.

Educational statistics and research methods. The application of statistics to the analysis and solution of educational research problems and the development of technical designs for research studies. Includes instruction in mathematical statistics, computer applications, instrument design, and research methodologies.

Educational supervision. Prepares individuals to supervise school instructional and support personnel. Includes instruction in the principles of staffing and organization, the supervision of learning activities, personnel relations, and administration.

Electrical and electronic engineering-related technologies. Prepares individuals to apply basic engineering principles and technical skills in support of engineering, research, and industrial applications of electricity, lasers, and computers. Programs prepare students to become computer engineering, communications, and laser and optical technicians.

Electrical and power transmission. Prepares individuals to apply technical knowledge and skills to install, operate, maintain, and repair residential, commercial, and industrial electrical systems and the power lines that transmit electricity from the source of generation to the place of consumption.

Electrical, electronics, and communication engineering. Prepares individuals to apply mathematical and scientific principles to the design, development, and operational evaluation of electrical, electronics, and related communications systems and their components, including electrical power generation systems, and to analyze such problems as super conduction, wave propagation, energy storage and retrieval, and reception and amplification.

Electrician. Prepares individuals to apply technical knowledge and skills to operate, maintain, and repair electrical and electronic equipment. Includes instruction in electrical circuitry, simple gearing, linkages and lubrication of machines and appliances, and the use of testing equipment.

Electrocardiograph technology. Prepares individuals to perform examinations of electromotive variations in human heart activity using an electrocardiograph machine, under the supervision of a physician. Includes instruction in patient preparation and equipment operation and maintenance.

Electrodiagnostic technologies. Prepares individuals to record and study the electrical activity of the brain. Instruction covers taking medical history, operating equipment, studying brain patterns, managing the laboratory and patients, and maintaining equipment.

Electroencephalograph technology. Prepares individuals to perform examinations of electromotive variations in human brain activity using an electroencephalograph machine, under the supervision of a physician. Includes instruction in patient preparation and equipment operation and maintenance.

Electromechanical instrumentation. Prepares individuals to support engineers engaged in developing industrial systems that rely on electrical power. Prepares students to become biomedical, computer maintenance, electromechanical, instrumentation, or robotics technicians.

Elementary education. Prepares individuals to teach students in kindergarten through grade 8. Instruction covers all subject matter taught in elementary school.

Elementary, middle, and secondary education administration. Prepares individuals to serve as principals or other administrators at these levels. Includes instruction in program planning, personnel management, community relations, budgeting, and professional standards.

Elementary particle physics. The study of the basic constituents of subatomic matter and energy and the forces governing fundamental processes. Includes instruction in quantum theory, field theory, single-particle systems, perturbation and scattering theory, quarks, and methods for detecting particle emission and absorption.

Emergency medical technology. Prepares individuals to perform initial medical diagnosis, treatment, and comprehensive care in medical crises, under the supervision of a coordinating physician. Includes instruction in diagnosis, anesthetics, obstetrics, and basic surgical procedures.

Engineering and/or industrial management. The planning and operation of organizations, including budgeting, quality control, resource allocation and utilization, product production and distribution, human-resource management, systems and plant maintenance, scheduling, and storage.

Engineering design. Prepares individuals to coordinate dissimilar systems to carry out single functions. plan engineering projects involving multiple tasks, evaluate procedures, resolve specification and requirement conflicts, and choose among competing solutions.

Engineering, general. Prepares individuals to apply mathematical and scientific principles to solve a wide variety of practical problems in industry, business, and commerce.

Engineering mechanics. The application of the mathematical and scientific principles of classical mechanics to the analysis and evaluation of the behavior of structures, forces, and materials. Includes instructions in statistics, kinetics, dynamics, celestial mechanics, stress and failure, and electromagnetism.

Engineering physics. The application of the mathematical and scientific principles of physics to the analysis and evaluation of engineering problems. Includes instruction in high- and low-temperature phenomena, superconductivity, applied thermodynamics, molecular and particle physics, and space science research.

Engineering-related technologies. Prepares individuals to apply basic engineering principles and technical skills in support of engineering projects.

Engineering science. The application of mathematical and scientific principles to the analysis and evaluation of engineering problems, including applied research in human behavior, statistics, biology, chemistry, the earth and planetary sciences, atmospherics and meteorology, and computer applications.

English. Study of the literature and culture of English-speaking peoples and the history and structure of the English language.

English composition. Covers English vocabulary, principles of grammar, morphology, syntax and semantics, and techniques of selecting, developing, combining, and expressing ideas in appropriate written forms.

English education. Prepares individuals to teach English grammar, composition, and literature at various education levels.

English literature (British). Study of the literature of the peoples of the British Commonwealth. Includes instruction in period and genre studies, author studies, country and regional specializations, literary criticism, and folkloric traditions.

Enterprise/small business management. Prepares individuals to develop, own, and operate businesses.

Entomology. The study of insects, including life cycle, morphology, physiology, ecology, taxonomy, population dynamics, genetics, and ecosystem relations. Includes instruction in the control of insects.

Entrepreneurship. Prepares individuals in marketing techniques applicable to developing business enterprises.

Environmental control technologies. The basic engineering principles and technical skills needed to support professionals engaged in environmental protection. Includes instruction in energy management, solar technology, water quality and wastewater treatment, environmental and pollution control, heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration technology.

Environmental health. Prepares public health specialists to monitor environmental health hazards and to manage environmental health programs. Includes instruction in environmental and genetic toxicology, biohazard research, testing and evaluation procedures, and study of applicable regulations.

Environmental health engineering. The design, development, and operational evaluation of systems for controlling contained living environments and for monitoring and controlling factors in the external natural environment. Includes instruction in pollution control, waste and hazardous materials disposal, conservation, and life support.

Environmental science/natural resources conservation. The study of the biological and physical aspects of the environment. Includes instruction in the conservation and/or improvement of natural resources, such as air, soil, water, land, fish, and wildlife, as well as methods of controlling environmental pollution.

Environmental studies. Program that generally describes the effects of human activities on the environment from the perspectives of the natural and engineering sciences, social sciences, and humanities. Includes instruction in environmental, natural, and social sciences; biology, chemistry, geology; environmental economics; and regional, national, and global environmental problems.

Epidemiology. The scientific study of the distribution of disease in human populations, patterns in the life cycles of infectious diseases, and methods of preventing disease outbreaks and promoting population health.

Equestrian/equine studies. Prepares individuals to care for horses and equipment, to train horses, and to manage horse training, breeding, and housing.

Ethnic and cultural studies. Study of the history, society, politics, culture, and economics of subsets of the population sharing common racial characteristics. Colleges that offer ethnic and cultural studies may have several majors in this area.

European studies. The history, society, politics, culture, and economics of the European continent and its borderlands.

Evolutionary biology. The scientific study of the generation of organismic traits and of shared traits across taxonomic classifications and the refinement of related theory and experimental methods. Includes instruction in the process of heredity, genetic mutation and variation, ecological determinants of species survival and adaptation, population genetics, developmental biology, and paleontology.

Exercise sciences/physiology and movement. The scientific study of the anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, and biophysics of human movement and applications to exercise and therapeutic rehabilitation. Includes instruction in biomechanics, motor development and coordination, and diagnostic and rehabilitative methods and equipment.

Experimental psychology. The study of behavior under experimental conditions and the analysis of controlled behavioral responses. Includes instruction in learning theory, research design and experimental methods, psychological measurement, statistical methods, and analysis of cognitive and behavioral variables.