Study in America
Brief Descriptions of Each Field of Study
Accounting : Covers accounting principles and theory, financial accounting, managerial accounting, cost accounting, budget control, tax accounting, auditing, reporting procedures, statement analysis, planning and consulting, business information systems, accounting research methods, professional standards and ethics, and applications to specific for-profit, public, and nonprofit organizations.

Acoustics : The study of sound and the properties and behavior of acoustic wave phenomena under different conditions. Includes instruction in wave theory, energy transformation, vibration phenomena, sound reflection and transmission, scattering and surface wave phenomena, and applications to specific research problems, such as underwater acoustics, crystallography, and health diagnostics.

Acting and directing : Prepares individuals to communicate dramatic information, ideas, and feelings through natural and believable behavior in imaginary circumstances. Includes instruction in voice and acting, speech, movement, improvisation, acting styles, theater history, rehearsal management, scene work, directing, and script interpretation.

Actuarial science : The mathematical and statistical analysis of risk and its application to insurance and other business management problems. Includes instruction in forecasting theory, quantitative and nonquantitative risk measurement, development of risk tables, secondary data analysis, and computer-assisted research methods.

Administration of special education : Principles and techniques of administering educational facilities and programs provided for children or adults with special learning needs.

Administrative and secretarial services : Prepares individuals to perform the duties of administrative assistants and/or secretaries and stenographers. Includes instruction in business communications, word processing and data entry, office machines operation, office procedures, filing, and records management.

Adult and continuing education administration : Principles and techniques of administering programs and facilities designed to serve the basic education needs of undereducated adults or the needs of adults seeking further or specialized instruction. Includes instruction in adult education principles, program and facilities planning, personnel management, community and client relations, budgeting and administration, professional standards, and applicable laws and policies.

Adult and Continuing teacher education : Prepares individuals to teach adult students in various settings, including basic and remedial education programs, continuing education programs, and programs designed to develop or upgrade specific employment-related knowledge and skills.

Advertising : Describes the creation, execution, transmission, and evaluation of commercial messages concerned with the promotion and sale of products and services. Prepares individuals to function as advertising assistants, technicians, managers and executives. Includes instruction in advertising theory, marketing strategy, advertising copy/art, layout and production methods, and media relations.

Aerospace : aeronautical, and astronautical engineering. Prepares individuals to apply Mathematical and scientific principles to the design, development, and operational evaluation of aircraft, space vehicles, and their systems. Also covers applied research on flight characteristics and the development of procedures for launching, guiding, and controlling air and space vehicles.

African-American (black) studies : Describes the history, society, politics, culture, and economics of the black populations of the Western Hemisphere, with emphasis on the United States and Caribbean.

African studies : Describes the history, society, politics, culture, and economics of Africa, with emphasis on societies south of the Sahara.

Agribusiness operations : Prepares individuals to apply modern business and economic principles to the production and marketing of agricultural products and services.

Agricultural and food products processing : Prepares individuals to receive, inspect, store, and process agricultural food or products. Instruction covers the characteristics and properties of agricultural products and processing and storage techniques.

Agricultural animal breeding and genetics : Describes the application of genetics to the improvement of agricultural animal health, the development of new animal breeds, and the selective improvement of animal populations.

Agricultural animal health : Describes the scientific principles that affect the prevention and control of diseases in agricultural animals.

Agricultural animal nutrition : Describes the biology and chemistry of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, water, vitamins, and feed additives and their relation to animal health and the production of improved animal products.

Agricultural animal physiology : Application of physiological principles to the study of agricultural animals and production problems. Includes lactation, reproduction, digestion and growth.

Agricultural business : Prepares individuals to apply modern economic and business principles to the organization, operation, and management of farm and agricultural businesses.

Agricultural business and production : Overview of the scientific knowledge and methods and techniques of agricultural business and production.

Agricultural economics : Relates modern business and economic principles to the allocation of resources in the production and marketing of agricultural products and services.

Agricultural education : Prepares individuals to teach vocational agriculture at various education levels.

Agricultural engineering : Application of mathematical and scientific principles to the development and evaluation of systems used to produce, process, and store agricultural products; to improve the productivity of agricultural methods; and to develop improved agricultural biological systems.

Agricultural mechanization : Prepares individuals to sell, select, and service agriculture or agribusiness technical equipment and facilities, including computers, specialized software, power units, machinery, equipment, and utilities.

Agricultural plant pathology : Prepares individuals to recognize diseased plants, identify causal agents, treat disease, and reduce economic loss.

Agricultural plant physiology : Study of the life processes of plants and plant responses to the elements of the physical environment, including nutrition, respiration, growth, photosynthesis, and reproduction.

Agricultural production : Prepares individuals to plan and economically use facilities, natural resources, labor, and capital in the production of plant and animal products.

Agricultural sciences : Describes principles and practices of agricultural research and production. Includes instruction in basic animal, plant, and soil science; animal husbandry and plant cultivation; and soil conservation.

Agricultural supplies : Prepares individuals to sell supplies for agricultural production, provide agricultural services, and purchase and market agricultural products.

Agronomy and crop science : Describes the chemical, physical, and biological relationships of crops and soils. Includes instruction in the growth and behavior of agricultural crops, the breeding of improved and new crop varieties, and the scientific management of soils for maximum plant nutrition and health.

Air traffic control : Prepares individuals to apply technical knowledge and skills to air-traffic management and control, usually with additional training at the FAA Flight Control Center in a cooperative education program. Includes instruction in flight control, the use of radar and electronic scanning devices, plotting of flights, radio communication, interpretation of weather conditions affecting flight, flight instrumentation used by pilots, and maintenance of flight-control center or control-tower logbooks.

Air transportation : Prepares individuals to apply technical knowledge and skills to provide in-flight, ground, and administrative services to the aviation industry.

Aircraft mechanics : Prepares individuals to repair, service, and maintain all aircraft components other than engines, propellers, avionics, and instruments. Includes instruction in layout and fabrication of sheet metal, fabric, wood, and other materials into structural members, parts, and fittings, and replacement of damaged or worn parts such as control cables and hydraulic units.

Alcohol/drug abuse counseling : Prepares individuals to counsel drug users, addicts, family members, and associates using various strategies and treatments. Includes instruction in outreach; patient education; therapeutic intervention methods, and diagnostic procedures. Also covers liaison with community health, law enforcement, social and legal services.

American Indian/Native American studies : Describes the history, society, politics, culture, and economics of the original inhabitants of the Western Hemisphere, including American Indians, Aleuts, and Eskimos.

American literature : The study of the literature and literary development of the United States from the Colonial Era to the present. Includes instruction in period and genre studies, author studies, literary criticism, and regional and oral traditions.

American studies : Describes the history, society, politics, culture, and economics of the United States and its regions.

Analytical chemistry : The study of techniques for analyzing and describing matter, including its precise composition and the interrelationships of elements and compounds. Includes instruction in spectroscopy, chromatography, atomic absorption, photometry, chemical modeling, mathematical analysis, laboratory analysis, and applications to specific research, industrial, and health problems.

Anatomy : The study of the structure and function of living organisms, tissues, organs, and systems. Includes instruction in gross anatomy, histology, ultrastructure, neuroanatomy, microscopy, dissection, electrical and analytical methods, and quantification methods.

Animal sciences : Describes the breeding and husbandry of agricultural animals and the production, processing, and distribution of agricultural animal products.

Anthropology : Describes the systematic and comparative study of human beings and their cultural behavior and institutions. Includes instruction in biological/physical anthropology, primatology, human paleontology and prehistoric archaeology, hominid evolution, anthropological linguistics, ethnography, ethnology, ethnohistory, sociocultural anthropology, and research methods.

Applied mathematics : The application of mathematical principles to the solution of functional area problems, using the knowledge base of the subject or field for which the analytical procedures are being developed. Includes instruction in computer-assisted mathematical analysis and the development of tailored algorithms for solving specific research problems.

Applied physics : Prepares individuals to apply principles of physics and analytical techniques to solving specific problems related to matter and energy. Includes instruction in electricity and magnetism, thermodynamics, mechanics, wave properties, nuclear processes, optics, quantum mechanics, and quantitative methods.

Arabi : . Describes the study of the language, literature, and culture of Arabic-speaking peoples, including classic, modern, standard, and related dialects and derivatives.

Archaeology : Describes the systematic study of extinct societies, and the past of living societies, via the excavation, analysis, and interpretation of their artifactual, human, and other remains. Includes instruction in archaeological theory, field and dating methods, conservation, and cultural and physical evolution.

Architectural engineering : Prepares individuals to apply mathematical and scientific principles to the design, development, and operational evaluation of materials, systems, and methods used to construct and equip buildings.

Architectural engineering technology : Prepares individuals to apply basic engineering principles and technical skills in support of architects, engineers, and planners engaged in designing and developing buildings and urban complexes. Includes instruction in design testing procedures, building site analysis, model building and computer graphics, engineering drawing, structural systems testing, and analysis of mechanical and interior systems.

Architectural environmental design : Study of total environments and living systems both indoor and outdoor. Includes instruction in relating the structural, aesthetic and social concerns affecting life and work to the needs of clients and the constraints of the site.

Architecture. Includes instruction in architectural design : architectural history and theory; building structures; site planning; construction; professional responsibilities and standards; and the cultural, social, economic and environmental issues relating to architectural practice.

Architecture and related programs : Programs describing the principles and methods used to create, adapt, alter, preserve, and control human physical and social surroundings and habitations.

Area, ethnic : and cultural studies. Study of the history, society, politics, culture, and economics of a particular geographic region or a particular subset of the population that shares common characteristics, traits, and customs.

Area studies : The history, society, politics, culture, and economics of a particular geographic region. Colleges that offer area studies may have several area studies majors.

Art education : Prepares individuals to teach art at various educational levels.

Art, general : Describes the development and practice of art. Includes art appreciation, art history, fundamental principles of design and color, and an introduction to various media and studio techniques.

Art history, criticism, and conservation : Study of the historical development of art as a social and intellectual phenomenon, the analysis of works of art, and art conservation. Includes instruction in the theory of art, research methods, conservation, and in specific periods, cultures, styles, and themes.

Art therapy : Prepares individuals to help patients use art to overcome physical disability, resolve emotional conflicts, and enhance communications with others.

Arts management : Prepares individuals to organize and manage art organizations and facilities. Includes instruction in business and financial management, marketing and fund-raising, personnel management and labor relations, event promotion and management, public relations and arts advocacy, and arts law.

Asian-American studies : Describes the history, society, politics, culture, and economics of Asian-Americans, including immigrants and their descendants from East Asia, South Asia, and Southeast Asia.

Asian studies : Describes the general history, society politics, culture, and economics of the continent of Asia, its borderlands, and related island groups.

Astronomy : Study of matter and energy in the universe. Includes instruction in celestial mechanics, cosmology, and stellar physics, and applications to research on lunar, planetary, solar, stellar, and galactic phenomena.

Astrophysics : Study of the behavior of astronomical phenomena and related physico-chemical interactions. Includes instruction in cosmology, plasma, kinetics, stellar physics, convolution and nonequilibrium, radiation transfer theory non-Euclidian geometries, mathematical modeling, galactic structure theory, and relativistic astronomy.

Athletic training and sports medicine : Prepares individuals to prevent and treat athletic injuries, to perform related rehabilitative therapy, and to manage the provision of health and treatment services to athletes. Includes instruction in basic sports medicine, dietetics, movement and motivation sciences, preventive and treatment remedies, equipment maintenance, clinic management, and patient education and counseling.

Atmospheric sciences and meteorology : Study of the composition and behavior of the atmosphere surrounding the earth and other planets, the effect of earth's atmosphere on terrestrial weather, and related problems of environment and climate. Includes instruction in atmospheric chemistry and physics, atmospheric dynamics, climatology and climate change, weather simulation, weather forecasting, climate modeling and mathematical theory, and studies of specific phenomena, such as clouds, weather systems, storms, and precipitation patterns.

Audiology/hearing sciences : Scientific study of the anatomy and physiology of the hearing and/or speech organs and their function and malfunction. Includes instruction in bio-acoustics; neuroanatomy of speech, hearing, and language; hearing measurement; communications embryology and congenital defects; hearing aids and related technology; hearing conservation and noise reduction research; and the experimental analysis of hearing, speech, and language disorders.

Auto body repair : Prepares individuals to repair, reconstruct and finish automobile bodies, fenders, and external features. Includes instruction in all phases of body work preparation and finishing.

Automotive technology : Prepares individuals to apply technical knowledge and skills to repair, service, and maintain all types of automobiles, trucks, vans, and buses. Includes instruction in the diagnosis of malfunctions in and repair of engines; fuel, electrical, cooling, and brake systems; suspension systems.

Aviation management : Prepares individuals to apply technical knowledge and skills to the management of aviation industry operations and services. Includes instruction in airport operations, ground support and flightline operations, passenger and cargo operations, flight safety and security operations, aviation industry regulation, and related business aspects of managing aviation enterprises.